What is Organ Donation?
Organ donation is the process of surgically removing an organ or tissue from one person (the organ donor) and placing it into another person (the recipient). Transplantation is necessary because the recipient’s organ has failed or has been damaged by disease or injury. Organ transplantation is one of the great advances in modern medicine. Unfortunately, the need for organ donors is much greater than the number of people who actually donate. Every day in the world, a large number of people die waiting for an organ and more than a few thousand men, women and children await life-saving organ transplants.
How does it help and how does it work?
Solid-organ transplantations save lives in patients affected by terminal organ failures and improve quality of life. Organ transplantations have gradually ameliorated in the last two decades and usually provide excellent results in children and young adults, and are increasingly challenged by the growing proportion of elderly transplant patients with comorbidities. Renal transplantation increases patient survival over dialysis, and lifesaving transplants are indispensable to treat patients with liver, heart, or lung irreversible diseases. Solid-organ transplant programs activity has been steadily growing but is still far from global needs, with great differences among countries. Solid-organ transplantations are essential for developed and mature health care systems.
What happens after?
After an organ transplant, immunosuppressant (anti-rejection) drugs have to be taken by the patients. Our immune system will try to reject the transplanted organs. These drugs help prevents the immune system from rejecting the donor organ. Immunosuppressants lower the body's ability to reject a transplanted organ. Immunosuppressants are drugs or medicines that lower the body's ability to reject a transplanted organ. Another term for these drugs is anti rejection drugs. There are 2 types of immunosuppressants:
1. Induction drugs: Powerful anti rejection medication used at the time of transplant
2. Maintenance drugs: Antirejection medications used for the long term.
Think of a real estate mortgage; the down payment is like the induction drug and the monthly payments are like maintenance drugs. If the down payment is good enough you can lower the monthly payments, the same as for immunosuppression.
There are usually 4 classes of maintenance drugs:
1. Calcineurin Inhibitors: Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine
2. Antiproliferative agents: Mycophenolate Mofetil, Mycophenolate Sodium and Azathioprine
3. mTOR inhibitor: Sirolimus
4. Steroids: Prednisone
Side effects
Nevertheless, immunosuppression creates a new set of problems. People with suppressed immune systems are less likely to reject their transplanted organs, but also less able to fight off harmful "invaders." This leaves them vulnerable to infections and some types of cancer. Immunosuppressive drugs (also called "antirejection drugs") can also cause other side effects. Doctors use different combinations of medications and work to maintain a delicate balance in each patient, to try to reduce the chances that an organ will be rejected.
How can MrMed help?
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